Computer-aided detection of interstitial lung diseases: A texture approach

We have developed the flexible scheme for computer-aided detection (CAD) of interstitial lung diseases on chest radiographs. These schemes enable us to perform diagnostics in the broad circumstances of pneumonia and other interstitial lung diseases. It is applied in the case of children pneumonia when conditions are difficult to standardize. In the adults' case the schemes of CAD are more adaptive, as there are more characteristic interstitial lung tissue's changes to all kinds of pathological conditions. Even in the norm of drawing there are more visible and more highlighted features, leading to better results. The CAD scheme works as follows. For the first of all, we are using adopted algorithms of active contours to select the area of lungs, and then to divide this area into subareas - regions of interest (40 different ROI). Then ROIs were subjected to the 2-dimensional Daubechies wavelet transform, and only main transformation was used. For every transformation 12 texture measures were calculated. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to extract 2 main components for each ROI, and these components were compared to predictive component region

Intrathoracic kidney

Congenital thoracic ectopic kidney is a rare developmental anomaly, with the thorax being the rarest and higher location of ectopic kidneys. This anomaly is usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally on routine chest radiography. At least 200 cases of thoracic kidney have been described, with the vast majority of mases documented in adults. We report a rare case of a 2-years-old child exhibiting ectopic intrathoracic kidney. We further discuss the current management of this pathology

Diagnostic imaging of solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas in children: report of two cases

Solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas (SPT) is an exceptionally rare neoplasm in children. lt is of low malignant potential and occurs most frequently in young females. Patients and methods: A cumulative review of the tumor's radiological characteristics from the English language scientific literature is presented. The clinical course, radiological investigations and outcome of surgery of two children treated at Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos Children 's hospital are analyzed. Results: Total number of 33 SPT was reported in litera/ure in 2000- 2011.4 articles about radiological features of SPT in children were found in reviewed literature. Between 2011 and 2012, two children with SPT were diagnosed at our institution. Both patients underwent abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) examinations. Preoperative biopsy was performed for both patients. After surgery SPTwas confirmed for both patients. Conclusions: SPT is a rare differential diagnosis of a pancreatic mass in children. SPT might be one of the radiological differential diagnoses in children with big pancreatic tumor within intratumoral hemorrhage, calcifications and pseudocapsule. CT examination is used to evaluate tumor invasion and resectability. Magnetic resonance tomography could be used to avoid radiation exposure